Pressure Ulcers an Example of the Topic Health Essays by

Pressure Ulcers by Expert Tracy (PHD) | 22 Dec 2016 Pressure ulcers (also known as bed sores, pressure sores or Decubitus Ulcers) is a condition in which areas of skin and associated tissues degenerate and ulcerate, due to application of prolonged pressure on the bony prominences present in the body (Merck, 2005). The skin overlying the bony prominence begins to get necrosed when the portion is compressed (or weight is applied without constant shifting) for long periods of time. Friction and shearing forces could also lead to pressure ulcers (Merck, 2005). The sustained pressure would disrupt the blood supply to the skin and associated tissues leading to tissue hypoxia and formation of pressure ulcers (Mayo, 2006). Need essay sample on "Pressure Ulcers" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed If proper nursing care is provided, there are good chances that pressure ulcers could be prevented (Bergquist, 2007). In nursing care setting, the higher incidences of pressure ulcer may be considered to be a sign of provision of poor quality nursing care (Bergquist, 2007). Pressure ulcers can also develop when an elderly person has been hospitalized for prolonged periods for a general medical problem (Bergquist, 2007). The chances of elders developing pressure ulcers when hospitalized are about 2 to 29 % (Bergquist, 2007). In homes for the aged, the chances of developing pressure ulcers is about 3 to 38 %, and is about 6 to 29 % in those who receive care in their home (Bergquist, 2007). Undergraduates Frequently Tell EssayLab writers: Who wants to write assignment for me? Writers advise: Professionals Are Creating Successful Essays For You! Buy An Essay For College Professional Writer For Hire Cheap Writing Services Cheap Writing Service Reviews Pressure ulcers usually occur in those inpiduals who have developed injury of the spinal cord and also those with paralysis (Mayo, 2006). Inpiduals who follow a sedentary life-style and who a wheelchair bound are at the greatest risk of developing pressure ulcers (Mayo, 2006). The risk of developing pressure ulcers in inpiduals with nerve injury is the highest because they may not be aware of the compression to certain parts of the body. When a spinal cord injury occurs, the inpidual is unable to sense pain or uncomfortable sensations in a particular portion of the body. Hence, the cancers of further damage are very high (Mayo, 2006). The other factors that could be held responsible for pressure ulcers include excessive moisture, emotional stress and presence of comorbid conditions (Bergquist, 2007). In all cases, the nurses should be able to assess the risk for developing pressure ulcers. The Bradens scale is frequently utilized to determine the risk of developing pressure ulcers depending on the presence of certain risk factors (Bergquist, 2007). Pressrue ulcers are more common in inpiduals above the age of 70 years. In such inpiduals, the skin may be slightly atrophic and thin, and has greater chances of getting degenerated when pressure is applied for prolonged periods (Mayo, 2006). In the US, about 1.3 to 3 million people suffers from pressure ulcers (Merck, 2005). Pressure ulcers develop in about 33 % of all inpiduals above the age of 70. Inpiduals who are bedridden, follow a sedentary lifestyle, do not exercise enough, are wheelchair bound, suffer from injuries to the spinal cord or paralysis, etc, are also at a higher rate of developing Decubitus ulcers (Hunter, 1996, pp. 958). Inpiduals who suffer from fractures of the neck of the femur are also bound to develop this disorder. When the ulcers are deep, the chances of complications and fatalities are very high. Some of the common complications that may develop include infection, osteomyelitis and septicemia (Bergquist, 2007). Besides, the chances of the lesion not healing properly or in normal periods of time are quite high. About 50 % of the lesions heal after 4 weeks and about 40 % heal after 6 months (Bergquist, 2007). The other factors that can be held responsible for the development of the ulcers include several disorders which makes movement difficult (such as arthritis, paraplegia and apathy), disorders in which the nerve sensations are reduced, certain disorders affecting the blood vessels (such as arthrosclerosis which may be seen in diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol levels and smoking), malnutrition, dementia, stroke, corticosteroid use, chronic alcoholism, malignant diseases, etc (Hunter, 1996, pp. 958). The pressure ulcers develop in the region where the bone compresses the overlying skin and the subcutaneous tissues for prolonged periods of time. The lesions begin as a small area of redness, and slowly get converted into a blister. The blister cannot tolerate the pressure and hence ruptures to form erosion (Hunter, 1996, pp. 958). The ulcer should be treated immediately, as it may progress further to involve the deeper layers of the skin. The lesion may get sloughed to form a black eschar. This further gets infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. Foul odor may be emitted from the affected region (Merck, 2005). In case of septicemia, several constitutional symptoms such as fever, headache, malaise, lymphadenopathy, etc, may be present. Several portions of the body having bony prominences are at a high risk of developing pressure sores such as the sacrum, greater trochanter, calcaneous tuberosity, knees, condyles, toes, coccyx, iliac crest, shoulders, lateral malleolus, ischial tuberosity, etc (Hunter, 1996, pp. 958). The chances of developing pain and tenderness following pressure ulcer varies from 33 to 87 %. The diagnosis of pressure sores is made based on the history, symptoms, signs, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. These include blood tests, X-rays, cultures and skin biopsy. A thorough physical examination is performed to determine the extent and depth of the lesion (Hunter, 1996, pp. 958). Wound culture tests and antimicrobial sensitivity tests are required to determine the causative organism. The bacterial count usually exceeds 100, 000 bacterial cells per gram of tissues. X-rays, bone scans and MRI scans may be required to determine involvement of the underlying bone (Merck, 2006). Urine and Stool tests are also required to determine the presence of incontinence (Mayo, 2006). Biopsy may be required to confirm the diagnosis and rule out the presence of cancer (Mayo, 2006). Firstly, the lesion should be taken care of immediately, as if treating a wound. The dead and the degenerating tissues, along with the slough should be removed and the lesion should be thoroughly debrided using saline along with 0.5 % silver nitrate solution (Hunter, 1996, pp. 958). An antibacterial ointment should be applied over the lesion and a bandage should be placed. If the lesion causes a huge loss of tissues, a skin graft should be transplanted and/or sutures should be placed (Hunter, 1996, pp. 958). Antimicrobial agents may be required either orally or in the form of injections to treat the infection. The cause of pressure ulcers should be treated appropriately (Hunter, 1996, pp. 958). Any potential risk factors should be removed. A soft mattress or cushion should be utilized for sleeping and sitting. The inpidual should consume a balanced diet and should ensure that enough exercises are performed in a day. Whilst sleeping or resting, the inpidual should be turned every few hours to ensure that pressure over certain portions of the skin is not excessive. Nurses should ensure that the skin is kept clean and dry. Moisturizers should be applied to maintain the integrity of the skin. The inpidual should avoid applying pressure on the affected portion of the skin (Cull, 1996, pp. 1101). Any shearing or friction force application should be avoided as these forces tend to slide over the tissues and cause injuries to the skin. The nurses should educate the patients to examine the skin especially where bony prominences are present in order to identify the presence of pressure ulcers. Incontinence should be taken care of adequately. Sedation should be avoided in elders as it may worsen the risk of developing pressure ulcers. Cleanliness of the skin should also be maintained (Bergquist, 2007). References: Bergquist, S. and Rosemary, L. (2007). Prevention of Pressure Ulcers, Retrieved May 21, 2007 Cull, R. E. and Will, R. G. (1996). Diseases of the Nervous System, In. Edwards, C. R. A., Bouchier, I. A. D., s Principles and Practice of Medicine, (17th Ed), Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Hunter, J. A. A. (1996). Diseases of the Skin, In. Edwards, C. R. A., Bouchier, I. A. D., s Principles and Practice of Medicine, (17th Ed), Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. Lehrer, M. S. (2005). Pressure Ulcers. Retrieved May 21, 2007 The Mayo Clinic (2006). Pressure Ulcers. Retrieved May 21, 2007, from Mayo Website: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/bedsores/DS00570/DSECTION=4 The Merck Manual of Geriatric (2005). Pressure Ulcers. Retrieved May 21, 2007 The Merck Manual (2005). Pressure Ulcers. Retrieved May 21, 2007, from Merck Website: http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec10/ch126/ch126a.html

Free Essays on Behavior Modification In Early Childhood Education

Teachers approach classroom conflicts in many different ways. The various approaches they take is reflective of their own experiences and training. One teacher might immediately separate two children who began to struggle over a toy, while another teacher may allow the children time to resolve their conflict before intervening. Each teacher will not allow one child to intentionally physically hurt the other child. During the twentieth century early childhood educators created and refined an approach to discipline that responded to children in a developmentally appropriate way. They used observation and knowledge of each individual child, the situation and child development to guide behavior. This approach is known as developmental discipline. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) Early in this century, educators felt that corporal punishment was an appropriate method of disciplining children. These ideas have been largely debunked. Beginning in the 1980’s child development specialists has sought other methods of modifying undesirable behavior. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) These experts advocate positive methods of modifying these behaviors. Discussion, explanation, limit setting and enforcement of consequences are the preferred methods rather than by using intimidation or physical force. (Brewer 2004) Some believe that today’s behavioral problems are a direct result of changes in the American family structure. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) One in every two children lives in a single-parent family at some point in their life. Over five million children live in families where the head of the household is someone other than their parent. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) These situations are stressors that can tend to limit the discipline of the children. Children desire a clearly defined set of limits. All children want structure that provides them with a safe and secure environment. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) Developmental discipline is design... Free Essays on Behavior Modification In Early Childhood Education Free Essays on Behavior Modification In Early Childhood Education Teachers approach classroom conflicts in many different ways. The various approaches they take is reflective of their own experiences and training. One teacher might immediately separate two children who began to struggle over a toy, while another teacher may allow the children time to resolve their conflict before intervening. Each teacher will not allow one child to intentionally physically hurt the other child. During the twentieth century early childhood educators created and refined an approach to discipline that responded to children in a developmentally appropriate way. They used observation and knowledge of each individual child, the situation and child development to guide behavior. This approach is known as developmental discipline. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) Early in this century, educators felt that corporal punishment was an appropriate method of disciplining children. These ideas have been largely debunked. Beginning in the 1980’s child development specialists has sought other methods of modifying undesirable behavior. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) These experts advocate positive methods of modifying these behaviors. Discussion, explanation, limit setting and enforcement of consequences are the preferred methods rather than by using intimidation or physical force. (Brewer 2004) Some believe that today’s behavioral problems are a direct result of changes in the American family structure. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) One in every two children lives in a single-parent family at some point in their life. Over five million children live in families where the head of the household is someone other than their parent. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) These situations are stressors that can tend to limit the discipline of the children. Children desire a clearly defined set of limits. All children want structure that provides them with a safe and secure environment. (Flicker & Hoffman 2002) Developmental discipline is design...

Addiction of Second Life Online Game Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Addiction of Second Life Online Game - Essay Example They can as well chip in to the world around them, forming buildings and a number of other things, even simulations. Resident inclusions to the virtual world are known as user produced content, and this content is among the aspects that makes Second Life only one of its kind online setting, and have a huge number of users who are badly addicted to this game. For those who play Second Life, this is a game that is a lot more than just an ordinary game. For the players, it is an online word where they can have a chance to get a fresh start as well as a new â€Å"lease of life† (Kim et al, 2008, p. 214); and when people have a chance to make a fresh start thing, it can become somewhat hard not to get overly-involved in it. Each day, more and more people joining the Second Life and spending the most of their time within this virtual world. Whereas more or less everyone states that they play the game only for enjoyment, for the greater part of them, this is â€Å"more than just a g ame† (Kim et al, 2008, p. 215). Second Life utilizes the â€Å"Havok 1 physics engine† (Boulos et al, 2007, p. 236). This software creates actual physics inside a virtual setting. The physics engine decides the way avatars act inside the virtual world, together with crash recognition - the engine informs the software how the each item should respond as soon as they get are in touch, automobile activities and what simulations seem to be. The more refined the physics engine, the more realistic animations utilizing it will be.

Theories of Management and Translation into Practices of Management Research Paper

Theories of Management and Translation into Practices of Management - Research Paper Example From the time when social organizations were formed for accomplishing goals and objectives, human beings have felt the need for management and coordination of individual initiatives and efforts. With the increasing reliance on group efforts, organized groups expanded and became large, subsequently accounting for the increasing importance and complexity of management. Henceforth, the managerial theories have gained importance with regards to the way managers manage these complex organizations. However, surprisingly there are numerous managers across different parts of the world that have attained immense managerial success even without the basic knowledge of management (Olum, 2004, p.1-2). There are unequivocal views about managers who have applied mixed management theories in their day to day activities and practices have attained greater success in managing their organizations effectively and efficiently and helped them in realizing organizational goals and objectives. Instances sho w that theories of management cannot be directly translated into practices in the organization and thus managers belonging to the contemporary organizations must appreciate their respective roles in the organizations while seeking to achieve set goals and objectives (Olum, 2004, p.1-2). ... process in which people influences others so as to make them understand and agree to their terms with regards to what needs doing and in the process facilitates individuals and collective efforts to attain shared goals and objectives on the organization (Laguerre, 2010, p.6). The definition developed by the author not only suggests and includes efforts for influencing and facilitating the present works undertaken in the group, but it also ensures that individuals in the group are ready and prepared to encounter future challenges and problems at the workplace. Even though the definition of Yukl is highly comprehensive, there are several researchers who have put forth such definitions which are more narrowly focused. For example, researchers like Coons & Hemphill (1957) believe that leadership is nothing but the behavior of a person or individual which helps to direct the activities and performance of a group towards shared goals and objectives. Kahn & Katz (1978) believes that leaders hip accounts for the influential increment above and over the mechanical compliances with the custom directives in the organization (Laguerre, 2010, p.6). The varying definition of leadership also accounts for its difficulty in practical application in the organization. It is because perspectives differ between individuals and this accounts for the reason how different researchers define management and leadership as per their own perspectives (Daft & Lane, 2008, p.4). As a consequence of the above fact, when researchers conduct leadership studies, they assume different definitions of leadership such that confusion in the interpretation of results can be eliminated or removed.  Ã‚  

What the Vietnam Vets Can Teach Us Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

What the Vietnam Vets Can Teach Us - Essay Example The clearest part despite all that took place during that horrific moment is that nothing sunk in the minds of Americans as virtues such as negligence or even corruption is practiced, meaning it did not paint any picture in the minds of the citizens. The veteran’s memorial should be a constant reminder to whoever comes across it and should recall and things done back then should not be repeated.   Certain myths are unique to specific cultures, and with them as Barthes Roland tell it,4 they serve different functions. They can either honor or disguise the culture eroding both facts and truths that were behind it. They are meant to bring citizens like a community shunning evil practices and embracing harmony. Not all this is accomplished as you’ll still find people in America suffering with their children and you’d conclude that time has elapsed them or isn’t the society giving back? The setting of the memorial I’m meant to understand is supposed to bury the hatchet and give birth to an entirely different society with different perspectives. (Warren 2004) With the veterans, you’ll find moral seriousness in particular unlike a different kind of America on the basis of what one learnt, observed and got from the experience according to the senses based on; violence and brutality underwent. This brought about a different kind of behavior in the manner the vets treat and address each other based on  mutual respect and love. A conversation with Beikirch Gary similarly proves as the medal5 reward awarded to him intensifies him about the war times, how far he has come to attain the presidency of the Genesse valley V.V.A chapter and above all he knows he’s appreciated by his country. Unlike the other Americans, the vets were different in that they stood for one another shared together helped each other and showed generosity to their selves. They stand for justice and are optimistic it’s going to be practiced by th e citizens and those in power. This prompts them to lead by example as majority of Americans lack a sense of personality in the creation of moral values. If allowed, the vets would be willing to go and finish what they started for the sake of America. (Sung 1998)   As different as we are, so were they in their time and childhood years. There are some whom were lucky and their fathers happened to be involved in the Second World War. This was a merit as traits, tactics and morals would be passed to them with ease and out of experience to make them belief in the glory brought about the war. Catholics who were not lucky got a chance   as well as challenges through Kennedy George as he publicly asked, what they would do for their country individually, in the quest to kick out communism, not only to please their religious leader nor those in power or elders, but mostly God. There are those who embraced the war, and in my opinion I would say it was the lack of knowledge, love and ignor ance in order to satisfy what their elders were unable to accomplish. Loss of a loved would have prompted so many to join with the motive of revenging. (Terry 1984) I support them as having been cut off from all sustaining world activities as it was not only some way to reunite, but also a common practice with the entire nation. They were facing extinction and this made them feel left out. But it was different for some as they could not bear what they did during that particular time, and their conscience judged them of their doings prompting to rhetoric questions to a point of wanting to commit suicide. This is evident that depression is downing on them now as in the beginning they lacked knowledge and dashed into war without even thinking about the aftermath.

Analysis of Globalisations Effect on China

Analysis of Globalisations Effect on China Globalization†, a term developed for common usage in the 1980s to represent the progressing motion or movement between nations, intellect and wisdom, trades and money across the continent that has led to growth of interdependent behavior among themselves, economically, politically, socially and culturally. Though when mentioning the word â€Å"Globalization†, it is usually recognized as being driven by a combination of economic and technological factor. According to a paper written by Brandon Levy (2012), he explained that, â€Å"Globalization is the process of increased interconnectedness among countries. The prosperous economic development that is typically gained because of the increased interconnectedness among countries usually results in a better standard of living, and an overall improved quality of life. The successful economic development of a nation hinges on its ability to globalize. Given that the international integration of national economies has such a profound effect, globalization plays a central role in determining the future of the world.† While globalization, to many, provides a sign of supremacy as having the key to make societies prosperous through trade, at the same time sharing their intelligence and education proficiency to people around the world, there are still numerous populations who perceives globalization as the root of the global problem where some who are well-off and educated are exploiting the needy through different means and tactics throwing more chaos into the situation as we know it, and also as a threat that accelerated modernization might eventually harm the conventional cultures they have practiced before globalization took over. So does globalization create a negative or positive impact on the world? An example of world’s leaders believes that globalization and capitalism is the best cure for solving conflict. According to a speech by ex-leader of WTO, Pascal Lamy (2004), â€Å"For the fact is that globalization is currently a two sided coin: one bright, the other excessively dark. The bright side is important. Globalization can bring spectacular success – like the 200 million people lifted our of poverty in China since 1990, a single fact which alone makes it possible to envisage the Millennium Development Goal of halving world poverty. † (P.1), He believes that globalization might have its dark side of the coin but through it, the conflict that comes together with globalization will be contained. He also concluded that the WTO and the Doha negotiations can be an effective tool in harnessing globalization in the interests of all, and combating thee darker side of the moon†¦ Another example, Robert E. Litan explained that, â€Å"In the end, we cannot avoid the challenge of globalization. Meeting it through unilateralism or one worldism is likely both to destabilize the world economy and slow improvements in living standards at home and abroad. Instead we should embrace the opportunities that globalization affords, ease the anxieties it generates, and reform and strengthen the international economic institutions created to promote both global economic stability and growth.† The author of the article leans towards the idea of globalization with how it can be controlled and stabilized through work and an amount of time, with very little discontent for the matter. The growing rivalry between China and Japan could serves as an example that globalization does indeed, do not help solve feuds between countries that are involved in economic globalization terms. Bitter history of the bloodthirsty invasion of China in 1937 by japan took place which only ended in year 1945, relation between either countries has not improved. The famous incident that appeared on headlines stories over the claim of the Senkaku island (known as in japan) also called â€Å"Diaoyu Dao† (name in China) goes on to this day even with their economic terms, where both countries argues with their part of the stories for their right of ownership over the island located in the south China sea. Due to the fact that the island being near important shipping lanes offering rich fishing grounds and lies near potential oil and gas reserves, also located in a strategic position amid rising competition of the US and China for military domination in the Asia-Pacific region. Against this background, a difference of opinion over five desolated islands and three barren rocks has become progressively provocative. China regards the â€Å"nationalization† of what it calls the Diaoyu islands by the Japanese in 2012 as a severe threat and will do everything that is necessary to defend its jurisdiction. Japan, meanwhile, which calls the territory the Senkaku islands, displaying its version of defense by broadening the area of patrol over the islands with countless warships and planes and plans to try to involve the participation of the US to their side against the matter. With China growing in power and influence due to globalization, as like any other empire in the past, as its power grows, that power is ineluctably projected to surround immediate neighboring countries and, in time, geographical regions and even whole continents. With this imbalanced strength in the area of Asia, China’s growing eagerness to throw its weight around has put other neighboring countries on brink and triggered them to seek U.S. assistance, the only possible means that can keep China in-check as an equal or more. Beginning from the year of 2010, China constantly fueled the concerns of its neighbors with unending, disturbing diplomatic and military moves, including their eye catching dispute currently still ongoing on the South China Sea, where it is believed that profitable resources are hidden but more importantly, the routes commercial ships passes through are located in the area. This region has sparked countless conflicts between countries nearby with different parts occupied by one another. Nonetheless, China claimed the largest portion over the South China Sea, an area that encircles the South China Sea district like a U-shaped section. Through globalization, China has gained immense power through a period of time and is gradually getting carried away with its actions. In cases where if the U.S. is unable to provide assurance to China’s neighboring countries, situations may turn the other way round and most likely gone aggressive, which will in time become a reality if no further actions are taken. With this in mind, I do think that globalization has more negative effects than positive due to the amount of imbalance the world is facing at this point of time, where countries are flourishing in their wealth and others that couldn’t keep up the pace has fallen right to the bottom of the â€Å"food chain†. Word count : 1068 References The Role of â€Å"Globalization† in Economic  Development,  Brandon Levy, University of Houston  (http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2233648) Globalization and Trade : How to make sure there is space for development?  Speech by Pascal Lamy, Sophia University, Tokyo  (http://ec.europa.eu/archives/commission_1999_2004/lamy/speeches_articles/spla232_en.htm) The â€Å"Globalization† Challenge: The U.S. Role in Shaping World Trade and Investment  Article by Robert E. Litan  Senior fellow in Economic Studies, Brookings  http://www.brookings.edu/research/articles/2000/03/spring-globaleconomics-litan How uninhabited islands soured China-Japan ties  http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-11341139 China and Japan on the brink of Third World War  Article written by Hilary Douglas  http://www.express.co.uk/news/world/462565/China-and-Japan-on-the-brink-of-Third-World-War Obama heads to Asia with sharp focus on China’s growing power  Article written by David Nakamura and William Wan  http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/obama-heads-to-asia-with-sharp-focus-on-Chinas-growing-power/2011/11/10/gIQAOsQkBN_story.html

Eating Disorders And Personality Disorders :: essays research papers

<a href="http://www.geocities.com/vaksam/">Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites Patients suffering from eating disorders binge on food and sometimes are both Anorectic and Bulimic. This is an impulsive behaviour as defined by the DSM (particularly in the case of BPD and to a lesser extent of Cluster B disorders in general). Some patients adopt these disorders as their way of self mutilating. We may be witnessing a convergence of two criteria: self-mutilation and an impulsive (rather, compulsive or ritualistic) behaviour. The key to improving the mental state of patients with dual diagnosis (a personality disorder plus an eating disorder) lies in concentrating upon their eating and sleeping disorders. In my view, these disorders are a blessing in disguise. It is very rarely, even in the lives of normal human beings, that they are faced with a veritable, identifiable enemy. By controlling their eating disorders, patients can assert control over their lives. This is bound to reduce their depression (even eliminate it altogether as a constant feature of their mental life). This is bound to ameliorate other facets of their personality disorders. Here is the chain: controlling eating disorders=controlling my life=I am worthy, I have self-confidence, self esteem and self-worth=I have a challenge, an interest, an enemy to subjugate=I am strong=I can socialize=I feel better (I am a success) etc. When a patient has a personality disorder and an eating disorder, I see no point in concentrating at first on anything but his eating disorder. Personality Disorders are intricate and intractable. They are rarely cured (though certain aspects, like OCD, can be dealt with using medication). It calls for the enormous, persistent and continuous investment of resources of every kind by every one involved. This is not realistic. Also this is not a realistic threat. If a personality disorder is cured but the eating disorders are aggravated, the patient might die (though mentally healthy) ... An eating disorder is both a signal of distress (I wish to die, I feel so bad, somebody help me) and a message: "I think I lost control. I am very afraid of losing control. I will control my food intake and out-take. This way I control at least ONE aspect of my life". This is where we can and should begin to help the patient. Help him to regain control. The family or other supporting figures must think what they can do to make the patient feel that he is in control, that he manages things his own way, that he is contributing, has his own schedules, his own agenda, possesses both authority and responsibility.

History Of The Somalia History Essay

The strategic geopolitical history of Somaliland non merely indicates its importance to the early African lands but has continued to so to this present twenty-four hours. It ‘s positioned in the centre of the Horn of Africa with an country of 637,540 square kilometres and is ideally located at the intersection non merely to merchandise paths, but to the gateway of antediluvian and modernizing Africa. Somali history day of the months back to the Paleolithic Age and Cave picture dating back to 9000 old ages BC has been recorded. Its location with Djibouti to the North West, Kenya to the South, Gulf of Aden on the North, Indian Ocean to the E, and Ethiopia on the West has added to its significance. In malice of its strategic location it has, unlike other African states, no old history of conquering, and as such, provided ulterior European states an first-class chance to see other civilisations than their own- particularly those of African Kingdoms. Ancient Somalia is reported to hold had trading dealingss with many of the mercantile states during the in-between Ages, and as a effect positioned Africa as an of import continent in the ancient universe. Among others, cinnamon trade to Europe, particularly to the ancient universe of Rome and Greece was extremely valued. Most of the cinnamon was obtained from the East, particularly India. Furthermore since the Somali state consisted of several Sultanates, it remained cardinal to maritime and trading civilizations of that period. Known as the Kingdom of Punt in ancient times, it besides had close dealingss with other of import African lands particularly that of Egypt, Nubia and Ethiopia. As a effect, parts of Somali civilization and signifiers frequently resemble that of the pyramid-culture of Egypt and other near neighbours. Strongly influenced by the Arab civilization, this African society exhibits an extraordinary mixture of the two. Islam was brought to that portion of the universe around 825 A.D. Somalia ‘s position on the African continent was besides the consequence of its close relationship with the Ottoman and German Empires. With the rise of the Arab universe in the Middle East and its oil industry, Somalia continues to keep its importance within this industry. It besides remains influential in the Islamic universe, enabling Somali to go a member of the Arab League in 1974. This state has besides played an of import and outstanding function in the African Union which was formed really much in the tradition and design of the European Union. Education is extremely valued throughout Somalia although a higher instruction is still precedence. It has several universities with the University of Mogadishu considered to be one of the finest in the state but besides one of the best in Africa. Culturally, the Somalis are Muslims and as such traditional spiritual instruction is singularly of import so that it is taught at a quranic schools across the state. Muslim literature produced by the Somalis is besides good recognized in other parts of the Moslem universe and so is their music and vocals. Both the rural and urban societies are serviced through these spiritual schools. The development of Somali legal construction as a mixture of Roman Dutch jurisprudence and Sharia jurisprudence. Currently it exercises civil traditional knowledge, spiritual and traditional jurisprudence. Somalia consists of a figure of kin based independent provinces. Somali one time boasted of a healthy economic system within the formal and informal sector. Trade, commercialism, conveyance and international links all promised of progressive future.. All this indicated that Somali are quickly traveling towards a modernizing society. Most of the West ‘s transnational companies, for case the fabrication trade, multinationals and Bankss all have subdivisions in the chief metropoliss in Somalia Somalia has been rich in mineral resources and the recent discovery of significant oil militias has surged its position among the industrializing states whose demand for oil particularly in the thick of the Middle East crisis is holding a strong impact on its economic system. Somalia has the largest ground forces in Africa with 10,000 military personnels on the field. Somalia has near on to 2 million people and 85 % of them Somalis and the remainder belonging to others. Of these 34 % unrecorded in the metropoliss. Arabic is the official linguistic communication although English is spoken widely with some Italian. The Muslims belong to the Sunni religious order of Islam. Christianity is minority faith. When Imperialism swept over Africa for the last five or six centuries. It subjected the native people to ‘inferior position ‘ or 2nd category citizenship. Africans weary of the rough conditions the position brought on to them shortly began to foment. Clangs with Europeans became frequent, so much so the Imperialist states gathered at the Berlin Conference in 1913 where the Western states decided to carve out certain parts of Africa among themselves as ‘guardians ‘ . These imperial states, particularly the Portuguese, Britain, France, Germany and Italy were on the top of the list. One of the unintended effects of such an act was to witness the outgrowth of release groups, patriotism and people prosecuting in the ‘freedom and release battles ‘ across the continent. Muhammad Abdullah Hassan, a Dervish leader sent a clarion call across Africa to defy the British and end their rising influence. He was one of the early African leaders, to name for integrity and independency. Swept by the influences of decolonisation and release battles across Africa, Somalia provided unqualified support to the African National Congress of South Africa. Somalia in the interim besides had strong ties with Muslim states and with their Muslim establishments. Hassan, furthermore as a Dervish leader, with his long experience with the British and Italian schemes of warfare, organized and disciplined his Somali ground forces, both in their ability in land conflicts and fleet retreats utilizing the terrain, with the consequence he defeated a well-trained British ground forces. In 1920 nevertheless, with the debut of aeroplanes into the battlegrounds, the British were able to get the better of the Somali ground forces eventually. There after Somalia became a associated state of the British Empire. The Italians fared no better than the British in the beginning merely because the Somalis non merely had the advantage of the terrain, but the ‘brotherhood ‘ within the Somalis and their commitment to the Sultanate, provided their soldiers extra inducements during war against their enemy. They, nevertheless could non, in ulterior old ages, match the ground forcess of the Italians under the Fascist control in 1927. Benito Mussolini, the Italian Fascist leader in 1935 attacked Abyssinia ( Ethiopia ) in the tradition of and go oning the bequest of imperialism and colonisation, but this clip the League of Nations ( which subsequently became the United Nations ) condemned the invasion. Little was done thenceforth to halt the business. In around 1941 the British stationed in Kenya with the coaction certain kins of the Sultanate, accompanied by East, West, and North African military personnels under the bid of the British attacked the British held Somalia and Italian Ethiopia and defeated them. Britain ruled both parts and was subsequently granted associated state position, but the United Nation transferred the trust territory of Italian held Somalia, back to Italians. It was during the trusteeship period that the Somalis entered into the structural model of Western political and international policy devising. But in the procedure the Imperializing states were consuming the economic wealth of Somalia. At times the British collaborated with Ethiopia in keeping the hegemony over Somalia, all of which did non get away the assorted patriot motions which were emerging in assorted parts of the state. Djibouti ‘s ( Gallic Somaliland ) independency in 1958 showed Somalia the switching geopolitics taking topographic point in the country. But the referendum held in Djibouti nevertheless showed that the people had decided to ally themselves to France instead than Somalia. Somalia itself gained its independency in 1960, and formed the post- colonial province. Unfortunately for the state at this clip the legion groups each wanted a portion in the authorities? The hierarchy and power of the colonial system was now transferred to the new authorities. Rather than concentrate on the structural development of the state the authorities bureaucratism began to concentrate on personal power and wealth. Many of the new authorities functionaries were chosen from the South and the Northerners felt left out and regional inequalities became the norm. 18 Parties participated in the first station colonial national elections in 1964 amidst accusal of corruptness and fraud. The Somali Youth League, a Somali National Congress, and the Somali Democratic Union, united to organize a strong block within the authorities. And unstable Somalia began to emerge for the following several old ages. Abdullah Osman Daar became its first president. Power battle continued, and eventually in 1969 a military putsch installed General Said Barre as President. Barre ‘s authorities introduced several new societal plans particularly in instruction, but otherwise parliamentary democracy seemed to endure from internal discord. On October 15, 1969 President Abdirachii Ali Shermaarke was assassinated by a constabulary head. At the beginning, General Said Barres ‘s Supreme Revolutionary Council was welcomed by the multitudes of people. There was a belief amongst the population that Somalia would now hold a stable authorities. Barre promoted what he called ‘scientific socialism ‘ as an political orientation for his state. Notwithstanding his political rhetoric, Somalis shortly began to see expropriation and corruptness which was bulwark during the imperialist times. Internal corruptness and favouritism shortly characterized Barre ‘s authorities. Clan competitions and divide and regulation policies besides weakened the authorities. The concluding straw came when the military authorities sent military personnels to Ethiopia. The Soviet Union had been providing weaponries to both sides. The Ethiopians successfully repulsed the Somalia ground forces. By 1980 the Somali authorities was losing its credibleness and at the same clip an economic crisis, particularly with the diminution of trade and of the lowering of oil monetary values added to the despairing internal crisis. Somalis besides noticed under Barres authorities the National Security Courts were set up outside the legal system and straight under the control of the executive whose power came from the military. Any offense considered as a ‘threat ‘ to the national security as defined by the ‘state ‘ was considered a offense. Although this was eventually abolished, and Somalia are still governed by pre-1991 penal codification. Civil war broke out in 1991. Northern Somaliland declared independency and in January 1, 1991 President Ali Madhi Mohamed of the United Somali Congress who had joined the Manifesto Group was made interim President. The rival groups shortly united and refused to acknowledge Muhammad as their leader and president. Throughout the 90s Somalia experienced civil struggles and warfare ensuing in nutrient deficits, devastation of labour and general disruption within the economic system and public assistance. Some 330,000 civilians were at hazard of decease and famishment when Andrew Natsios, the caput of the US bureau for International Development ‘ said before Congress, ‘that Somalia was the greatest human-centered exigency in the universe ‘ . ‘For some clip international perceivers allowed Somalia to disintegrate and it was merely subsequently when the state collapsed into lawlessness did the United Nations send peacekeeping forces. United Nations peace forces were sent into Somalia through the United States. The Security Council set up their UN operation in Somalia ( UNOSOM ) but the UN forces came under onslaught. In 1983 the United Nations human-centered aid chiefly given to the South did non sufficiently alleviate the crisis. The UN aid ceased chiefly due to the casualties suffered to its forces. The EU besides sent assistance to the concept the port at the Berbera. European NGO ‘s besides sent to assistance and aid to several parts of Somaliland. Both the United States authorities under President Bush in the UN Security Council worked together with leaders in Somalia. The United Nations eventually managed to acquire the seniors and leaders at a conference at the Royal Palace in Addis Ababa. Unfortunately the peace dialogues failed and the Civil War continued. The Transitional parliament adopted the federal charter in 2004. In 2006 the southern portion of the state came under the influence of the Islamists who established an Islamic Court to work aboard civil governments. Several parts of the state have declared ‘ independency ‘ and are controlled by warlords. The transitional federal authorities with the aid of the UN reestablished its control over the district but this has remained fragile to this twenty-four hours.

Nursing Care and Management

Nursing Care and Management To ensure that residents are receiving a high quality of care, which fits their needs, I will use the methods presented below. They will guarantee that the team of hotel services, administration and activities as well as care staff delivers results, which have a positive outcome. First, each resident will receive a unique treatment based on his or her needs, preferences and interests.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Care and Management specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As head of care, my concern will dwell on improving the dialogue between the team and our residents. Secondly, I will maintain the training programs for staffs that are already in place. I will discuss with the team so that customized messages that embody the core values within the home become the first reference points for individual decision-making. My first goal would be to build trust with residents and the care team. I will therefore conduc t myself appropriately and offer a consistent approach to issues based on the home’s core values. Thus, I will be caring and compassionate to both residents and staffs. I will be accountable and attentive to feedback and work related details. I will remain reliable and responsive by availing myself for duties in time and attending to raised concerns within the shortest time possible. Lastly, I will ensure that I empathize with residents and the care team by recognizing their individuality, their work environment and personal challenges that they may be facing. Therefore, all personal communication will remain private and will not be used to judge a person’s work output or care expectation. Rather, the confidential social relations will inform my choice of conduct for delivering a personalized care and administration in the home. I will keep my engagements with staffs and residents morally upright. I will allow staffs to review job improvement suggestions, and continuou sly ask them how well they are relating to each other. This will show them that I care about their work. Moreover, when my decision has an impact on the team, I will discuss the underlying issues with them before the decision and after. Lastly, to build trust, I will use a participative leadership approach and acquaint myself with the various work assignments that people are doing in different departments. This will give me a better understanding of their condition of work and any arising work related issue. It will also demonstrate that I highly regard their value in the organization. To create an atmosphere of open communication, I will allocate a few hours per week for collecting staff ideas, feedback and any concern that they may harbour. This time would be separate from meetings and would allow for the discussion of matters that require more confidentiality that staff-meetings would not offer. During staff meetings, I will initiate a visualization exercise for the team to see w hat it would be like if it meets its goals.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The meetings will inform staffs of their importance in collectively fulfilling the homes mission. I will continue reassigning the equivalent duties to the same person even when they make work-related mistakes as long as they take responsibility of their mistakes. This gesture would show them that I expect the best from them and believe they are capable of delivering. I will relate staff meetings and work-related discussions to the values of Fernhill. Although I will sometimes deal with team members independently, my actions and decisions will be informed by the need to foster a team spirit. This will include the recognition of exemplary or mediocre performance. Most importantly, I will strive to give my attention to the little details of affection such as asking about a person’s day. Th is would create an informal and free relation within the formal structure of Fernhill, and promote team values. Work efficiency and customer satisfaction requires constant improvement. My strategy would be to have daily activity benchmarks, especially at the point of contact with the residents. For example, I will lead the team in measuring how many accidents have been avoided in a day; how many residents with queries have been attended to and whether a routine on the condition of residents has highlighted negligence in care. Routines will be completed by checklists, which would reduce significantly cases of forgetfulness of staff and prevent rushed procedures in case of emergencies. A checklist will also assist my management of team affairs such as attending to raised issues during staff meetings, or ensuring that I do not miss any part of my job description while doing my routine. Colleagues will review team member appraisals, and the individuals will have the opportunity to give their remarks. This would provide a level playing field as reviewers would have the same job expectations and experience as the person receiving the appraisal. The exercise would prevent the placement of unmatchable demands on job performance and being a peer review. It would be more effective for identifying skill imbalances. Furthermore, I will review all appraisals, and make recommendations for training or work balance adjustments. Finally, I will lead the team in organizing and participating at ceremonial events for residents or team members to infuse fun and improve work relations through the informal gatherings.

Bartleby essays

Bartleby essays Since he will not quit me, I must quit him. Ah Bartleby, Ah Humanity. (Page 140, Herman Melville) This is the key to Bartleby, written by Herman Melville, for it indicates that Bartleby stands as a symbol for humanity. This in turn functions as a commentary on society and the working world, for Bartleby is a seemingly homeless, mentally disturbed scrivener who gives up on the prospect of living life. However, by doing so Bartleby is attempting to exercise his freewill, for he would prefer not to work. His relationship to the narrator is thus significant, for as he attempts to exercise his freewill he is breaking from the will of the narrator and the normal progression of life. However, this attempt to exercise his freewill and break loose from the confines of typical societal functions, isolates Bartleby from society, which in turn places him in a state of depression and soon there after, death. Ultimately, by having Bartleby prefer not to, Melville is commenting on the role of human ity in the work force. If man attempts to break free of his role and exercise his own freewill then he is severing himself from humanity which in turn will lead to depression and perhaps death, for he will have nothing but a wall always obstructing him. From the beginning Bartleby is isolated within the confines of his work place. I procured a high green folding screen, which might entirely isolate Bartleby from my sight, though not remove him from my voice.( pg 111) In this quotation the narrator put Arnold, Page 2 up a screen to separate his office from Bartlebys, which isolates him from the other members of the staff which thus isolates him from humanity. However, this is not the end of the isolation for he is not only detached from those around him, but society as well. I placed his desk close up to a small side window, a window that had originally afforded a view of certain grimy backyards, bu...

The Current Tools for Diplomacy and Peacekeeping Coursework

The Current Tools for Diplomacy and Peacekeeping - Coursework Example The focus has been on occasional operations involving peacemaking and humanitarian intervention instead of wars. In Africa, several peacekeeping bodies have been made such as African Union`s Peace and Security Council, working on conflict prevention and preventive diplomacy. Nearly half of the UN peacekeeping operations in Africa are in Sub-Saharan Africa, the objectives of which are to promote stability in several regions of Africa, to stop renewed violence in Congo and other such peacemaking objectives. The US presidential statement focused on dealing with the root causes of violence in Africa. It also focused on the importance of structural and operational strategies for peacemaking in the region. It has been observed that Africa has fully supported the efforts of the UN in the promotion of peace and stability in the country through these diplomatic tools. The dominant powers have co-operated by providing security in exchange for resource supplements. Several peacemaking missions have already been completed such as those in Somalia, Rwanda, Liberia etc and several others are in process. The  US has used mediation strategies such as those in Angola and Namibia agreements and other indirect mediation in Liberia etc. Equitable power balance has been promoted throughout Africa. Central state power has also been reduced to give more autonomy to political groups and parties. The Rwandan genocide was one of the most devastating massacres of the world. Nearly 800,000 people were killed without any reason. The killing of these 800,000 people went unchallenged by the global community as important decision makers ignored such a big massacre. The United Nations sent a group of peacemakers for what seemed to be a plain and straightforward mission.

The World trade organisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The World trade organisation - Essay Example Their mission is to help firms and producers of goods and services, importers and exporters improve their profit.† Advantages WTO has a number of benefits. Firstly, WTO’s trading system encourages peace between nations. In particular, when nations carry out trading with each other without any conflict, they subsequently resolve a number of trading issues and build long-term relationships. This leads to the creation of peace between them. In addition, the trading system also forces enhancement of confidence and teamwork between nations. For example, earlier, people who sell products and services used to hesitate due to trade disputes with their international customers. However, after WTO, the trading has now become a smooth process, and both the seller and the buyer are satisfied with the exchange, leading to a good relationship. In other words, political arguments now occur on a lesser level. An easygoing trade helps nations all around the globe to feel safe. People who are satisfied and successful with international trade are less likely to have fights and disagree with one and another, In other words, wars are less likely to happen between countries. Secondly, the trade system enables effective management and resolution of conflicts and disagreements on international level.